Showing posts with label breath. Show all posts
Showing posts with label breath. Show all posts

Saturday, January 17, 2026

5 Self Caring Practices

 

The Joy of Self-Caring

We’ve been sold on the idea that self-care means chocolates and bubble baths, but Cyndi Lee says real self-caring is a practice, not a treat.

Cyndi Lee
5 November 2021
Before everybody started talking about self-care, they talked about detoxing. Cleanses were the trend and many (if not most foods) were vilified. Daily emails arrived letting me know the many ways that I was toxic—food, air, relationships, inner dialogue. The programming director for a huge yoga conference told me that if I wanted my classes to sell out, I just had to put the word “detox” in the title.

This consumeristic approach to ancient yogic practices was accurate in some ways: a need had been identified and a solution proposed. We feel incomplete, unloved, inadequate, and definitely not fit enough. Being toxic might be our own making, but fortunately, we could easily purify ourselves by purchasing a juice cleanse. We could even purify ourselves this way daily, which was really good because it meant we could then continue our toxic ways. So as long as we kept detoxing, we could also keep toxing.

It seems to me that the purification trend has faded and evolved into the latest health directive —self-care. Now the daily emails tell me that I need to get more sleep, do restorative yoga, take time out to get together with a friend, do more barefoot walking on the grass, keep a gratitude journal. Actually, I think these are all really good ideas. But none of them is going to satisfy our dissatisfaction, reduce our craving, or relieve our suffering.

You might be right that your life is super stressful and you deserve a special treat now and then. But applying a materialistic approach to our pain, boredom, need for attention, or aching back is just a band-aid. The discomfort will cycle back up and then we will “do” another self-care activity, and then another when we feel bad again. The momentary relief of a pedicure is like a painkiller that works so well it discourages us from trying to remove the thorn in our foot that is causing our suffering. Besides, it’s our suffering that makes us feel deserving of the yummy self-care goodies.

What our suffering really deserves is compassion. This is what initially inspired me to take the bodhisattva vow. When my teacher, the late Gelek Rimpoche, introduced this concept to me, I was inspired by the idea that my life, my good efforts in practice, and my caring and compassion could be dedicated to the benefits of others.

Actually, Rimpoche didn’t say that. But that’s what I heard. For about twenty years. Then I finally woke up to what he really said, which is that a bodhisattva dedicates their practice for the benefit of all beings, and that includes me.
That was against the stream of what I grew up thinking, which was that good and nice people don’t put themselves first because it’s selfish. So when I first heard about self-care, I kind of thought, “Eewww.” It seemed icky. Like taking yourselves out for a date or something. Sad and lonely.
But sometimes, I am sad and lonely. And it’s nothing a bubble bath can fix because applying a band-aid is not the same as having a caring heart. As Reb Anderson writes in Being Upright, “All suffering is worthy of compassion.” That means that our own suffering too is worthy of our own compassion. Self-care might be a one-off event, but self-caring is a living practice that allows our innate capacity for caring to emerge and, even more, to ripen and increase.

As a yoga and Buddhist meditation teacher, when I talk about practice I’m usually referring to yoga asana or meditation or breath work. When we engage in these practices, we don’t say that we’re doing “self-yoga,” “self-meditation,” or “self-pranayama.” So when we think of “self-caring” as just “caring,” we are already moving toward a larger view of this practice, one that is for benefit of all beings, including ourselves.
How can we shift from the band-aid approach to a practice of self-caring? Even asking the question is a good start. The Tibetan word for practice is gom, which means “getting familiar.” The practice of self-caring is about getting familiar with the part of us that is naturally caring and getting familiar with what it feels like to apply that tenderness to ourselves.
Sometimes I think about how much I suffered when I was a dancer in my twenties. I saw myself in the mirror every day and I was never, ever good enough, thin enough, special enough. I was grumpy a lot of the time and all those drugs I did didn’t make me like myself better. Now that I am in my sixties, my heart breaks when I remember that young woman, and I vow to be kinder to myself. I don’t want to be that way to myself anymore because I don’t deserve it. I also know that when I am not caring to myself, I am more difficult to be around.

This is motivation. It is how we start all spiritual practices. You can say to yourself anytime, “I am going to cultivate my innate ability to be caring, for the benefit of all beings, including myself.” Or you can say, “I am going to get familiar with when I am uncaring toward myself and vow not to go there. I vow to grow my capacity for being a caring person.” If you like, you can place your hands over your chest and feel your heartbeat, as you say this.

Even if you don’t think you can do it or you label it as “magical thinking,” you can still say it because you’re getting familiar with opening to your own potential
.
This is how you begin to move into tend and befriend. “Tending” is when you engage in nurturing activities and attitudes that help you feel safe and calm. “Befriending” means spending time with community and family—experiences that also support “tending.” By attending to yourself with kindness and being willing to take responsibility for your own caring, you are tending and befriending yourself. “Tend and befriend” increases the anti-stress hormone oxytocin, which lowers cortisol, blood pressure, and other stress responses. In other words, self-caring feels good.

“Tend and befriend” sets the ground for you to engage in the practices of self-caring, which are all ways of getting familiar with the two aspects of your nervous system, the sympathetic and parasympathetic.

When a stressful situation arises, the sympathetic nervous system, which is connected to the spine, will respond by telling you to move now, via the fight or flight instruction. This response sends blood to the muscles, speeds up the heart, and slows down other functions that are not needed for running or fighting, such as digestion. Conversely, the parasympathetic nervous system is close to the inner organs and tells each of them when to relax and quietly do their jobs. This is known as rest and digest.

We need both of these systems to be toned so that our nervous system can be nimble and go fast or slow, depending on the need. Unfortunately, most of us are already hyped up to a certain degree. So, I offer some short, simple, and powerful practices below that will stimulate the rest and digest response. Think of this as toggling between the active requirements of your life and the receptive moments that you choose—together they help you become more resilient through the gateway of your body.
The number one thing to remember is to do them. Like all such practices, it might be boring at first and you don’t always feel results right away. Without results, it’s hard to have faith in the process and you can lose your motivation. This is where you just have to trust the practice and look to the wisdom of great teachers. Like Gelek Rimpoche always said, “Drip, drip, drip, the bucket fills.” Being patient is also a way to practice self-caring.

5 Self-Caring Practices

As With any practice, begin by reviewing your motivation. This is a reminder that practice is not just about what you do, but also about how you do it, and that makes the difference.


These practices help you touch into your capacity for caring and develop a sense of genuine closeness with yourself.

Savasana
In the yogic tradition, savasana is a way to let your body and mind rest at the end of a strong, active practice. Savasana is a Sanskrit word that means “corpse pose.” This practice is for letting go of our physical bodies. It is a good opportunity for generating thoughts of gratitude for one’s precious life.

Recently my ayurvedic doctor prescribed a daily savasana to me as a way to recover my energy after the stress of two surgeries. It made me happy to be reminded that something so easy was also so good for me. It nourishes and revives me, both mentally and physically. Savasana will also calm the brain, reduce fatigue, lower blood pressure, and relax your body.

Lie down on your back on your bed or on the floor. Place a small pillow or folded blanket under your head and neck, but not under your shoulders. Your legs are straight, feet as wide apart as your hips. Position your arms about twelve inches out from your sides, palms up. You can also place a pillow or blanket on top of your thighs. Close your eyes and rest for five to ten minutes. If your legs are especially tired, do savasana with your calves up on a stack of two or three large pillows. Or you can lie on the floor with your lower legs and feet on the couch or a chair. This variation also helps invigorate stagnant lymph fluid.

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Grounding Touch

In this exercise, you are using your own hands to weight your body, which helps reduce anxiety and create a sense of calmness and stability.

Standing up or sitting in a chair, begin to gently rock side to side. Eventually let your weight settle firmly and evenly on your two feet. Place your right hand on your belly and left hand on the center of your chest. Tune in to the feeling of your breath, the sensation of warmth from your hand, and the strength and softness of your body. Take a few breaths between each of the following movements: place your right hand on your forehead, your left hand on your belly, then both hands on the center of your chest.

Finally, place your palms together and rub them, making some heat. Cup your warm hands over your face and let their warmth melt the tension in your face, eyes, and jaw.
Slide your hands down your face and all the way to the tops of your legs. Press gently on your thighs to enhance the downward-moving energy in the body called apana. Apana supports the immune system by promoting elimination of all that is not needed: physical waste, confusion, doubt, fear, or feeling lost.

Loving-kindness

Sit comfortably. Place your palms on the center of your chest. Close your eyes. Take a few moments to feel your natural breathing and the feeling of your hands on your body.
Then say each of these expressions of loving-kindness toward yourself:

May I be happy.
May I be healthy.
May I be safe.
May I live with ease.

After you recite each of these, notice what comes up in your mind. Whatever you notice is fine and interesting. This is another way of getting familiar with yourself, but it doesn’t mean every thought is true. If you get way off-track, repeat the phrase.
After noticing what comes up, take a big breath in, and as you exhale, let go of that phrase. Go on to the next one.

Gathering and Grounding Breath

This is a way to get out of your head and into your body. You can also do this during a challenging conversation or meeting or even while you are walking down the street.
Sitting or standing, find an upright posture. Close your eyes and tune into the feeling of your natural breath coming in and out. Slowly begin to lengthen your inhalation and extend your exhalation, just a little bit at a time. When you breathe in, imagine all the scattered parts of your mind collecting together in one spot at the edge of your nostrils. As you exhale, let that soft ball of energy drop down into your body, giving you a feeling of earthiness and stability. Repeat slowly as many times as you like.

Bedtime Foot Massage

Sit on your bed with some oil or lotion nearby. My favorite is arnica oil with lavender, as the arnica helps heal bruises and tender spots, and the lavender helps you relax. Put a little oil in your hand and start to rub circles around your ankle. Take your time moving down your Achilles tendon and around your heel. Use one hand to gently flex your toes back and, with the other hand, pull your heel away, stretching the sole of the foot. Interlace your fingers with your toes, as if you were holding hands with them, and slowly circle your foot in both directions, like winding up a toy. Finally, place your other hand over the top of the toe-holding hand and lightly squeeze.

Gently release your hands and place your feet together. You will see that one foot looks fresh and pink, flush with circulation. Time to do the other foot and then tuck yourself in for a nice sleep.

Each of these practices I’ve suggested is easy to do—they don’t require any equipment or expertise and can be done in less than five minutes. All of them integrate body, breath, and mind; they feel good while you are doing them; and when you finish, you will feel better than when you started.

Know that if you forget to practice, you can always make a fresh start. One January, I made a New Year’s resolution to do a daily restorative yoga pose for one month. I did it for two days, but on the third day I completely forgot. I didn’t remember it for the entire year, until the following January. Once I realized, I had a good laugh and then re-upped for the last year’s resolution. Anytime is a good time to cultivate a light heart and generosity toward oneself.

I also want to encourage you not to make a job out of this practice of self-caring. The idea is not that you must do one or more of these practices every day in order to succeed with self-caring. The idea is that these are all methods for helping you get close to yourself. When you pay kind attention to yourself, noticing when your breathing is too tight or your posture is too loose, you develop a thread of awareness around your own energetic habits. As you naturally become more familiar with what is actually nourishing for you, because it’s easy and it feels good, your self-caring practice will grow.

Cyndi Lee

Founder of the world-renowned OM yoga Center in NYC (1998-2012), Cyndi is known for her contemplative classes and soulful teachings. She is the author of 5 books, including Yoga Body, Buddha Mind: A Complete Manual for Physical and Spiritual Well-Being, and the New York Times critically acclaimed May I Be Happy: A Memoir of Love, Yoga, and Changing My Mind. In 2019, she launched a new online course, “Taking Refuge In Your Body,” available from Lion’s Roar.





Saturday, April 19, 2025

David Wagoner, LOST & Hugh Byrne: Lost in Thought

Live Session Summary, Sunday, April 13, 2025: 

It was good to be with you for our live session today. The focus of the session was on working skillfully with our thoughts, rather than being lost in them. 

Here are some of the main themes, poems, and quotes from today’s Live session:

A focus of today’s talk was on how we work with mental proliferation—getting caught up in thoughts and mental narratives and suffering as a result. The term in the Pali language for this kind of ‘lost in thought’ mind is papanca and it is a lack of awareness wherein we are being led along by our thoughts.

The Buddha said, ‘What you frequently think about and ponder on becomes the inclination of your mind.’ So, when we get swept up in angry, fearful, or judgmental thoughts, this becomes the tendency or inclination of the mind when repeated often enough. 

A saying attributed to Ralph Waldo Emerson states, ‘Sow a thought, reap an action; sow an action, reap a habit; sow a habit, reap a character; sow a character, reap a destiny.’ Repeated often enough, certain ways of thinking—and acting—become a default for us and we ‘become’ an angry or fearful person and we tend to create our destiny through what we repeatedly think and do. 

It is not that we are inherently or inevitably an angry or fearful person, but rather that we have formed that character through repetition over time—we have trained our mind in these unhelpful habits and they become the inclination of our mind.

The way of turning these habits around and moving towards freedom is to simply observe the thoughts without judgment, and to choose not to follow them wherever they lead. In meditation we can come back to the breath and the body and open to what is present here and now—and when we become aware that the mind has moved into thought we return kindly and gently to the breath and body and begin again.

In these turbulent times we are living in it is easy to get swept up in worried, anxious, and fearful thoughts—What will happen if…? We can create fearful scenarios that cause us suffering but bear little connection with what is happening right here and now—they are usually tied to the future and things that ‘could’ or ‘might’ happen. A wise response is to notice this proliferation of thinking and to choose not to fuel it, not to follow the thoughts wherever they go, but to break the cycle by opening to what is alive and present here and now in the body, heart, and mind. 

Viktor Frankl spoke of finding a space between stimulus and response and the freedom that comes from choosing our response wisely: ‘Between stimulus and response lies a space. In that space lies our ability to choose. In our ability to choose lies our growth and freedom.’ Connecting with that ‘space’ or gap we can consciously choose our response—and in choosing our response we have an opportunity to choose a response that leads to greater freedom and happiness rather than leading to more suffering. 

I shared Dorothy Hunt’s lines: ‘Peace is this moment without judgment // This moment in the heartspace where everything that is is welcome’; The poem ‘Lost’, which is based on an American Indian elder story and rendered into English by David Waggoner; and Muhyiddin Ibn al-‘Arabi’s poem ‘There was a time when I would reject those who were not of my religion.’

Wishing you a good week ahead and I look forward to seeing you next Sunday, April 20 at 9am eastern for our next live session. Warmly, Hugh πŸ™πŸ» πŸ’œ 🌻

——————-

Analysis of David Wagoner’s poem ‘Lost’

https://open.substack.com/pub/youarehere/p/place-poem-lost-by-david-wagoner?r=iabwa&utm_medium=ios

Friday, October 4, 2024

Thich Nhat Hanh - ‘Belly breathing to ride the storm' from Thich Nhat Hanh's 'The Art of Living'

⽊  πŸŽ‹  ⽊  πŸŽ‹  

p117
Internet Archive

'The Art of Living' by Thich Nhat Hanh

"It is possible to use our breathing to embrace our strong emotions and experience relief. We are so vast, and our emotions are just one part of us; we are much more than our emotions. A strong emotion is like a storm that comes, stays a while, and passes. Everyone must learn to survive a storm. The practice of belly breathing is essential. Every time a strong emotion like anger, fear, sadness, or despair comes up, we should go back to our breathing right away so we can take care of the storm raging within us. We are like a tree in a storm. The top branches of the tree may be blowing wildly in the wind, but the trunk and roots are stable and firm. With belly breathing we bring our mind down to our trunk, our abdomen, where it is calm and stable. We should not stay high up in the branches, where we are blown about.

Internet Archive.org

'No Mud, No Lotus' - Page 50


When you look at a tree in a storm, if you focus your attention on the top of the tree, you’ll see the leaves and branches blowing wildly in the wind, and the tree will look so vulnerable, as though it could be broken at any time. But when you direct your attention down to the trunk of the tree, there is not so much movement. You see the stability of the tree, and you see that the tree is deeply rooted in the soil and can with stand the storm. When we experience a strong emotion, the mind is agitated like the top of the tree. We have to bring our mind down to the trunk, to the abdomen, and focus all our attention on the rise and fall of the abdomen.

from query to ChatGPT: on Oct 4

Thich Nhat Hanh frequently offers metaphors to illustrate how the breath can serve as a refuge in the midst of overwhelming emotions. One of the most well-known instances of this metaphor is found in his book Peace Is Every Step, where he describes the breath as an anchor that helps us remain grounded, especially when we feel emotionally swept away. He also discusses similar ideas in The Art of Living and No Mud, No Lotus. In these works, Hanh emphasizes the importance of mindful breathing to stay connected to the present moment and to cultivate inner calm.

The metaphor you mention, comparing emotions to the violent swaying of branches while the trunk remains steady, reflects Thich Nhat Hanh's teaching that mindful breathing helps us return to our core stability, much like the rooted trunk of a tree. The storm of emotions is natural and inevitable, but the breath is our refuge, allowing us to ride through turbulent experiences without being overwhelmed by them.

Bringing in Guanyin, the bodhisattva of compassion, offers a deepened perspective on this metaphor. Guanyin embodies both compassion and the power of deep listening. Her practice involves truly hearing and responding to the cries of the world. If we apply Guanyin's insight to Thich Nhat Hanh's metaphor, we can view our breath as not only a source of grounding but also an expression of self-compassion. By returning to our breath, we are, in essence, practicing deep listening to ourselves—tuning into our emotions without judgment or resistance. Just as Guanyin listens with boundless compassion, we too can listen to our inner storm with kindness, allowing the breath to calm and soothe, much like her presence would comfort those in distress.

This insight encourages a dual process: using the breath to stay rooted, and applying the spirit of compassionate listening to our inner emotional life, just as Guanyin would listen to the suffering of others. It is both a practical and compassionate approach to working with strong emotions.

Like a mountain: ε±± 

Wednesday, July 26, 2023

Wednesday, May 3, 2023

Joe Reilly - tune

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggMMLZZDFKc&ab_channel=NathanMeadows

by Joe Reilly

Full lyrics here for non-native English speakers ____________
Breathing in I am alive right here Breathing out My mind is clear Breathing in My body is at ease Breathing out I am at peace Breathing Empty out your pockets, no enlightenment here, just a pair of brown eyes and some meditation ear. It's clear, we are something much more than what's sold on TV, or bought in the store, we are stores of seeds, deep and wise We are all of the oceans, just look in your eyes See the vastness of the sea, all the elements that be flowing through you and me Let go and be free And breath Breathing in, I am alive right here Breathing out My mind is clear Breathing in My body is at ease Breathing out I am at peace We're freak of our perceptions so many misconceptions and wrong notions Didn't you hear we are all of the oceans The waves the rocks and the clouds we are the water dropped gently falling down and returning to the sky I am learning to ask why We are yearning to try to breathe Breathing in, I am alive right here Breathing out My mind is clear Breathing in My body is at ease Breathing out I am at peace. There are so many reasons to be happy There are so many reasons to give thanks There are so many reasons to be happy, to give prays. I'm sitting in my room. I'm sweeping with my broom. I’m dancing with the moon. I will be dreaming soon. but for now, I'm wide awake. Sitting still like the lake with some wild rice growing is really nice knowing Who I really am who we really are. Sometimes I can forget when I'm driving in my car it's time to pull over didn't go very far try walking on the earth in my face that sounds bizarre I think it’s rather funny to let go of my money and be one with the energy that flows in me and around me, and so I just surround me with flowers and poetry beautiful verses So when my mind disperses I remember we’ve reheard this To not get caught in the cycle of birth and death. I really don’t know about that so I just follow the breath. Follow my breath Follow your breath with me. Breathing in I am alive right here Breathing out My mind is clear Breathing in My body is at ease Breathing out I am at peace Breathing There are so many reasons to be happy There are so many reasons to give thanks There are so many reasons to be happy, to give prays.

Tuesday, August 17, 2021

always available… | The Metta Garden

always available… | The Metta Garden




it’s so simple, feels almost too simple really. to just sit and breathe. to do so without goal. to come back to something so natural, sitting and breathing. in our habits and patterns of being busy, of getting lost in or avoiding, we can forget to just allow stillness, to allow the opportunity for relaxation and natural ease and calm.

it is also something that we can have some joy in doing. it doesn’t have to be some epic journey to enlightenment. the simple pleasure of just sitting and breathing, of feeling our body rooted and held by the earth, feeling the calming coolness of air coming into our bodies, the release and freedom of air leaving. this can be quite enjoyable and peaceful.

there’s no reason we shouldn’t have this joy, this peace, this simple pleasure, which is always available. and with practice we can even tap into, settle into this feeling in all kinds of environments. it can be our anchor as Thich Nhat Hanh shares in this quote.

~j

#JustBreathe #JustSit #mindfulness #meditation #path #practice #ThichNhatHanhQuotes #ThichNhatHanh #Zen #EngagedBuddhism #JinpaLhaga


Sunday, June 27, 2021

Danna Faulds - Walk Slowly



Walk Slowly

It only takes a reminder to breathe,
a moment to be still, and just like that,
something in me settles, softens, 
makes space for imperfection. The harsh voice 
of judgment drops to a whisper and I 
remember again that life isn’t a relay 
race; that we will all cross the finish
line; that waking up to life is what we
were born for. As many times as I 
forget, catch myself charging forward 
without even knowing where I’m going,
that many times I can make the choice 
to stop, to breathe, and be, and walk 
slowly into the mystery.

-Danna Faulds


Making practice easy - talk by Hugh Byrne on June 27, 2021

Sunday, May 30, 2021

John O'Donohue: "A Morning Offering"

 

John O'Donohue: "A Morning Offering"


I bless the night that nourished my heart
To set the ghosts of longing free
Into the flow and figure of dream
That went to harvest from the dark
Bread for the hunger no one sees.

All that is eternal in me
Welcomes the wonder of this day,
The field of brightness it creates
Offering time for each thing
To arise and illuminate.

I place on the altar of dawn:
The quiet loyalty of breath,
The tent of thought where I shelter,
Waves of desire I am shore to
And all beauty drawn to the eye.

May my mind come alive today
To the invisible geography
That invites me to new frontiers,
To break the dead shell of yesterdays,
To risk being disturbed and changed.

May I have the courage today
To live the life that I would love,
To postpone my dream no longer
But do at last what I came here for
And waste my heart on fear no more.



"A Morning Offering" by John O'Donohue. Text as published in To Bless the Space Between Us: A Book of Blessings (Doubleday, 2008).

Tuesday, September 8, 2009

The Joy of Practice

The Joy of Effort

The path doesn’t save all its pleasure for the end. You can enjoy it now.

By Thanissaro Bhikkhu

WHEN EXPLAINING meditation, the Buddha often drew analogies with the skills of artists, carpenters, musicians, archers, and cooks. Finding the right level of effort, he said, is like a musician’s tuning of a lute. Reading the mind’s needs in the moment—to be gladdened, steadied, or inspired—is like a palace cook’s ability to read and please the tastes of a prince.


Collectively, these analogies make an important point: Meditation is a skill, and mastering it should be enjoyable in the same way mastering any other rewarding skill can be. The Buddha said as much to his son, Rahula: “When you see that you’ve acted, spoken, or thought in a skillful way—conducive to happiness while causing no harm to yourself or others—take joy in that fact and keep on training.”

Of course, saying that meditation should be enjoyable doesn’t mean that it will always be easy or pleasant. Every meditator knows that it requires serious discipline to sit with long, unpleasant stretches and untangle all the mind’s difficult issues. But if you can approach difficulties with the enthusiasm with which an artist approaches challenges in her work, the discipline becomes enjoyable. Problems are solved through your own ingenuity, and the mind is energized for even greater challenges.

This joyful attitude is a useful antidote to the more pessimistic attitudes that people often bring to meditation, which tend to fall into two extremes. On the one hand, there’s the belief that meditation is a series of dull and dreary exercises, allowing no room for imagination and inquiry: simply grit your teeth, and at the end of the long haul your mind will be processed into an awakened state. On the other hand, there’s the belief that effort is counterproductive to happiness, so meditation should involve no exertion at all: simply accept things as they are—it’s foolish to demand that they get any better—and relax into the moment.

While it’s true that both repetition and relaxation can bring results in meditation, when either is pursued to the exclusion of the other, it leads to a dead end. If, however, you can integrate them both into the greater skill of learning how to apply whatever level of effort the practice requires at any given moment, they can take you far. This greater skill requires strong powers of mindfulness, concentration, and discernment, and if you stick with it, it can lead you all the way to the Buddha’s ultimate aim in teaching meditation: nirvana, a totally unconditioned happiness, free from the constraints of space and time.

That’s an inspiring aim, but it requires work. And the key to maintaining your inspiration in the day-to-day work of meditation practice is to approach it as play—a happy opportunity to master practical skills, to raise questions, experiment, and explore. This is precisely how the Buddha himself taught meditation. Instead of formulating a cut-and-dried method, he first trained his students in the personal qualities—such as honesty and patience—needed to make trustworthy observations. Only after this training did he teach meditation techniques, and even then he didn’t spell everything out. He raised questions and suggested areas for exploration in the hope that his questions would capture his students’ imagination, so they’d develop discernment and gain insights on their own.

We can see this in the way the Buddha taught Rahula how to meditate. He started with the issue of patience. Meditate, he said, so that your mind is like the earth. Disgusting things get thrown on the earth, but the earth isn’t horrified by them. When you make your mind like the earth, neither agreeable nor disagreeable sensory impressions will take charge of it.

Now, the Buddha wasn’t telling Rahula to become a passive clod of dirt. He was teaching Rahula to be grounded, to develop his powers of endurance, so that he’d be able to observe both pleasant and painful events in his body and mind without becoming engrossed in the pleasure or blown away by the pain. This is what patience does. It helps you sit with things until you understand them well enough to respond to them skillfully.

To develop honesty in meditation, the Buddha taught Rahula a further exercise. Look at the inconstancy of events in body and mind, he said, so that you don’t develop a sense of “I am” around them. Here the Buddha was building on a lesson he had taught Rahula when the boy was seven years old. Learn to look at your actions, he had said, before you do them, while you’re doing them, and after they’re done. If you see that you’ve acted unskillfully and caused harm, resolve not to repeat the mistake. Then talk it over with someone you respect.

In these lessons, the Buddha was training Rahula to be honest with himself and with others. And the key to this honesty is to treat your actions as experiments. Then, if you see the results aren’t good, you’re free to change your ways.

This attitude is essential for developing honesty in your meditation as well. If you regard everything—good or bad—that arises in the meditation as a sign of the sort of person you are, it will be hard to observe anything honestly at all. If an unskillful intention arises, you’re likely either to come down on yourself as a miserable meditator or to smother the intention under a cloak of denial. If a skillful intention arises, you’re likely to become proud and complacent, reading it as a sign of your innate good nature. As a result, you never get to see whether these intentions are actually as skillful as they seemed at first glance.

To avoid these pitfalls, you can learn to see events simply as events and not as signs of your innate Buddha-ness or badness. Then you can observe these events honestly, to see where they come from and where they lead. Honesty, together with patience, puts you in a better position to use the techniques of meditation to explore your own mind.

THE PRIMARY TECHNIQUE the Buddha taught his son was breath meditation. The Buddha recommended sixteen steps in dealing with the breath [see bottom of page]. The first two involve straightforward instructions; the rest raise questions to be explored. In this way, the breath becomes a vehicle for exercising your ingenuity in solving the problems of the mind, and exercising your sensitivity in gauging the results.

To begin, simply notice when the breath is long and when it’s short. In the remaining steps, though, you train yourself. In other words, you have to figure out for yourself how to do what the Buddha recommends. The first two trainings are to breathe in and out sensitive to the entire body, then to calm the effect that the breath has on the body. How do you do that? You experiment. What rhythm of breathing, what way of conceiving the breath calms its effect on the body? Try thinking of the breath not as the air coming in and out of the lungs but as the energy flow throughout the body that draws the air in and out. Where do you feel that energy flow? Think of it as flowing in and out the back of your neck, in your feet and hands, along the nerves and blood vessels, in your bones. Think of it coming in and out every pore of your skin. Where is it blocked? How do you dissolve the blockages? By breathing through them? Around them? Straight into them? See what works.

As you play around with the breath in this way, you’ll make some mistakes—I’ve sometimes given myself a headache by forcing the breath too much—but with the right attitude the mistakes become a way to learn how your perceptions shape the way you breathe. You’ll also catch yourself getting impatient or frustrated, but then you’ll see that when you breathe through these emotions, they go away. You’re beginning to see the impact of the breath on the mind.

The next step is to breathe in and out with a sense of refreshing fullness and a sense of ease. Here, too, you’ll need to experiment both with the way you breathe and with the way you conceive of the breath. Notice how these feelings and conceptions have an impact on the mind and how you can calm that impact so the mind feels most at ease.

Then, when the breath is calm and you’ve been refreshed by feelings of ease and stillness, you’re ready to look at the mind itself. You don’t leave the breath, though. You adjust your attention slightly so that you’re watching the mind as it stays with the breath. Here the Buddha recommends three areas for experimentation: Notice how to gladden the mind when it needs gladdening, how to steady it when it needs steadying, and how to release it from its attachments and burdens when it’s ready for release.

Sometimes the gladdening and steadying will require bringing in other topics for contemplation. For instance, to gladden the mind, you can develop an attitude of infinite goodwill or recollect the times in the past when you’ve been virtuous or generous. To steady the mind when it’s been knocked over by lust or to reestablish your focus when you’re drowsy or complacent, you can contemplate death, realizing that death could come at any time and you need to prepare your mind if you’re going to face it with any finesse. At other times, you can gladden or steady the mind simply by the way you focus on the breath itself. For instance, breathing down into your hands and feet can really anchor the mind when its concentration has become shaky. When one spot in the body isn’t enough to hold your interest, try focusing on the breath in two spots at once.

The important point is that you’ve now put yourself in a position where you can experiment with the mind and read the results of your experiments with greater and greater accuracy. You can try exploring these skills off the cushion as well: How do you gladden the mind when you’re sick? How do you steady the mind when dealing with a difficult person?

As for releasing the mind from its burdens, you prepare for the ultimate freedom of nirvana first by releasing the mind from any awkwardness in its concentration. Once the mind has settled down, check to see if there are any ways you can refine the stillness. For instance, in the beginning stages of concentration you need to keep directing your thoughts to the breath, evaluating and adjusting it to make it more agreeable. But eventually the mind grows so still that evaluating the breath is no longer necessary. So you figure out how to make the mind one with the breath, and in that way you release the mind into a more intense and refreshing state of ease.

As you expand your skills in this way, the intentions that you’ve been using to shape your experience of body and mind become more and more transparent. At this point, the Buddha suggests revisiting the theme of inconstancy, learning to look for it in the effects of every intention. You see that even the best states produced by skillful intentions—the most solid and refined states of concentration—waver and change. Realizing this induces a sense of disenchantment with and dispassion for all intentions. You see that the only way to get beyond this changeability is to allow all intentions to cease. You watch as everything is relinquished, including the path. What’s left is unconditioned: the deathless. Your desire to explore the breath has taken you beyond desiring, beyond the breath, all the way to nirvana.

But the path doesn’t save all its pleasures for the end. It takes the daunting prospect of reaching full awakening and breaks it down into manageable interim goals—a series of intriguing challenges that, as you meet them, allow you to see progress in your practice. This in and of itself makes the practice interesting and a source of joy.

At the same time, you’re not engaged in busywork. You’re developing a sensitivity to cause and effect that helps make body and mind transparent. Only when they’re fully transparent can you let them go. In experiencing the full body of the breath in meditation, you’re sensitizing yourself to the area of your awareness in which the deathless—when you’re acute enough to see it—will appear.

So even though the path requires effort, it’s an effort that keeps opening up new possibilities for happiness and well-being in the present moment. And even though the steps of breath meditation eventually lead to a sense of disenchantment and dispassion, they don’t do so in a joyless way. The Buddha never asks anyone to adopt a world-negating—or world-affirming, for that matter—frame of mind. Instead, he asks for a “world-exploring” attitude, in which you use the inner world of full-body breathing as a laboratory for exploring the harmless pleasures the world as a whole can provide when the mind is steady and clear. You learn skills to calm the body, to develop feelings of refreshment, fullness, and ease. You learn how to calm the mind, to steady it, gladden it, and release it from its burdens.

Only when you run up against the limits of these skills are you ready to drop them, to explore what greater potential for happiness there may be. In this way, disenchantment develops not from a narrow or pessimistic attitude but from an attitude of hope that there must be something better. This is like the disenchantment a child senses when he or she has mastered a simple game and feels ready for something more challenging. It’s the attitude of a person who has matured. And as we all know, you don’t mature by shrinking from the world, watching it passively or demanding that it entertain you. You mature by exploring it, by expanding your range of usable skills through play.


16 STEPS OF BREATH MEDITATION

1 Breathing in long, one discerns, “I’m breathing in long;” or breathing out long, one discerns, “I’m breathing out long.”

2 Or breathing in short, one discerns, “I’m breathing in short;” or breathing out short, one discerns, “I’m breathing out short.”

3 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out sensitive to the entire body.”

4 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out calming bodily fabrication” [the in-and-out breath].

5 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out sensitive to refreshment.”

6 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out sensitive to ease.”

7 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out sensitive to mental fabrication.”

8 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out calming mental fabrication.”

9 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out sensitive to the mind.”

10 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out gladdening the mind.”

11 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out steadying the mind.”

12 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out releasing the mind.”

13 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out focusing on inconstancy.”

14 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out focusing on dispassion.”

15 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out focusing on cessation.”

16 One trains oneself, “I’ll breathe in and out focusing on relinquishment.”

From Majjhima Nikaya 62, translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu



Thanissaro Bhikkhu is abbot of Metta Forest Monastery, outside of San Diego. He is the author of a series of books on meditation—Meditations, Meditations2, and Meditations3—available for free at accesstoinsight.org.